A Critique of Neuroscience-The New Philosophy Essay Example

A Critique of Neuroscience A Critique of Neuroscience-The New Philosophy Essay A Critique of Neuroscience-The New Philosophy Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: A Critique of Neuroscience-The New Philosophy The discourse, Neuroscience-The New Philosophy, by V.S Ramachandran, illustrates Ramachandran’s viewpoints on neuroscience. In the discussion, Ramachandran delves on discovering reasons as to why particular patients have specific kinds of symptoms when faced with mental illnesses and the reason for their differences across diverse mental illnesses. In addition, Ramachandran explains how indispensable formations and structures within the brain can lead to peculiar behaviors in mental infirmity. The discourse mainly focuses on three approaches based on mental illnesses. These approaches include the effect of chemical imbalances, the Darwinian or Neuropsychiatry approach and the Freudian approach. The discourse offers a different viewpoint on mental illness. It also provides a deep insight and provides explanations on mental infirmity. Thus, assessing the article provides the basis for critiquing Ramachandran’s discussion on mental illness. Much of Ramachandran’s discourse is centered on the disposition of consciousness. He does this by assessing a number of mental states and anomalies that are abnormal and some that are deemed as similar to madness. Additionally, assessment of the different mental infirmities provides foundation in recognizing the brain imaging. Through imaging, knowledge is gained on how the brain functions. To illustrate this, Ramachandran uses a disorder such as hysteria. Based on medical connotations, hysteria illustrates a condition where the patient, in the event of developing a paralysis of a leg or an arm or blindness, possesses null neurological deficits that could be reason for his symptoms. Through this disorder, imaging is used to determine the normal function of the brain by recognizing that the brain is actually ordinary. Additionally, imaging has provided knowledge on the sections of the brain that are active or inactive when a specific action or mental process is carried out. Secondly, Ramachandran focuses on the aspect of free will. By using hysteria as an example, the disorder is viewed as an abnormality of free will thus confirming that hysteria is purely due to psychological defects. In the discourse, free will is deemed as a delusion and an irrelevant explanation on the functions of the brain. Based on experiments conducted on free will such as the EEG experiment, it was discovered that the brain sends signals earlier before a person expresses the will to engage in the specific process. Such a discovery only discredits the philosophical principle of free will. Equally, free will illustrates the ability of agents to make decisions unrestricted by definite factors such as mental constraints. However, the fact that consciousness does not determine other actions performed by an agent only exemplifies free will as an illusion. Finally, Ramachandran discusses the Sense of Self. Based on Ramachandran’s assertions, mental illnesses can be seen as disturbances or impairments of the self and consciousness. However, using the insinuations, ‘consciousness’ and ‘self’, Ramachandran alleges that explaining mental illnesses using such assertions is ignorant. In order to explain the problem arising from definition of the self, the author uses the problem of qualia. Qualia are simply subjective sensations. Thus, through the awareness of sensations, the constituents of the consciousness and the self are attached to neuroscience. Ramachandran is able to use qualia in determining the locations in the brain and the functions that enable derivation as well as the qualities that constitute the Sense of Self. In conclusion, Ramachandran borders on various approaches and even constitutes a supplementary approach in order to explain the nature of self. Various factors that comprise the Sense of Self such as consciousness and free will are controversial fields that blur the line between neurology and philosophy. Nevertheless, it is evident that uncovering consciousness in the context of mental illness is a problem that is difficult to ascertain in the field of neuroscience.

9 Simple Tips to Improve Your Job Search

9 Simple Tips to Improve Your Job Search Keeping up with the things you need to do by maintaining a to-do list is a good idea for those who are job searching. It not only helps keep you on track, it reminds you of those things you need to do to make your search for a job a success. Diligence is the key to finding that perfect job.   1. Check for Jobs Each MorningFirst thing each morning, check the job listings. There are other people out there who would like to have the same jobs you apply for, and being among the first to apply can put you in a better position to get just the job you want.  2. Don’t Put Things OffWhen you see a job that interests you, send your resume and cover letter without putting it off. It is surprisingly easy to tell yourself that you will do it later and then forget about it. By the time you get around to applying, possibly days later, the job may be filled.  3. Follow Up on ApplicationsIf you haven’t heard back on job applications you have submitted, it is a good idea to wait a week and follow up. Sometimes, expressing further interest in a job can get you pushed up in the application process. If you receive a definitive no, you can remove that job from your list.  4. Use Technology to Stay OrganizedUtilize technology by using your cell phone or computer to stay organized with your job search. Making up a spreadsheet with dates and the ability to check off tasks when completed ensures that you are following up on schedule. In addition, it is easier to add on other job hunting tasks as they come up.  5. Learn New SkillsLearning something new is always useful. Factor in a few hours a week to take a class, learn a new skill that relates to your dream job or catch up to date. The time spent doing this will be worthwhile as it shows employers that you take your skills seriously.  6. Research Your Job NicheNew jobs pop up in industries that offer you the ability to apply your skills in new areas. Do research in your field to find new positions that you can enter. If taking a few courses helps you fit the job requirements, take night courses or online courses to expand your employability.  7. Work on Personal PaperworkOnce a week, work on one of the documents you use to apply for a job. You can use this time to recheck your resume, cover letter or personal plan to market yourself. See where you can make improvements. Remember to personalize your applications by studying the company where you are applying, and use your assets and strengths to show how you would be a good match for the company team.  8. Customizing Job ApplicationsOne mistake job seekers sometimes make is sending out a general resume for every job application. Aiming your resume toward particular jobs helps because the hiring manager will know right away whether you are a good fit for the job. Instead of just listing your qualifications, also list what you did that was a benefit to the company. Working as a salesperson, for instance, list how you won a company award for the number of sales you made.  9. Do Volunteer WorkVolunteer work looks good on a resume, whether it is coaching a group of children in soccer or volunteering at a local charity. Add this to your to-do list, and make time for it. It not only lets you make new contacts and help others but shows your potential employer that you have outside interests.  Keeping on top of job applications with a job search site can help you find that perfect job more quickly. TheJobNetwork helps by letting you enter your qualifications and does the search for you. Sign up for our job match alert, and searches are done round the clock, sending you job notifications as soon as they pop up. By receiving job alerts that match your qualifications and job interests, you won’t miss any jobs for which you are qualified. In addition, it gives you the ability to search job sites yourself to be proactive.